biaxial cnc machine operator attention! A few points for using a slotting tool! It is important to identify three main types of grooves: outer grooves, inner grooves, and end grooves.

The outer grooves are the easiest to work with because gravity and coolant can help remove chips. In addition, the outer groove machining is visible to the operator and the machining quality can be checked directly and relatively easily. However, some potential obstacles in workpiece design or clamping must also be avoided.

biaxial cnc machine operator attention! A few points for using a slotting tool! figure

In general, the cutting effect is best when the tip of the slotting tool is kept slightly below the center line. The inner hole grooving is similar to the outer diameter grooving, except that the application of coolant and chip removal are more challenging.

For internal hole grooving, the best performance is achieved when the tip position is slightly above the center line. Machining end grooves, the tool must be able to move in the axial direction, and the radius of the tool after the tool face must match the radius to be machined. The machining effect is best when the tip position of the tool is slightly higher than the center line.

1. Machine tool design and technical conditions

In the grooving process, the design type and technical conditions of the machine tool are also basic elements that need to be considered.

Some of the main performance requirements for the machine include: having enough power to ensure that the tool operates within the correct speed range without stalling or jitter; High enough rigidity to complete the required cutting without flutter; High enough coolant pressure and flow to help chip removal; It has a high enough precision.

In addition, in order to produce the correct groove shape and size, it is also crucial to perform proper debugging and calibration of the machine tool.

2. Understand the material characteristics of workpiece

Familiarity with some of the properties of the workpiece material, such as tensile strength, work hardening characteristics, and toughness, is essential to understanding how the workpiece affects the tool.

When machining different workpiece materials, different combinations of cutting speed, feed rate and tool characteristics are required.

Different workpiece materials may also require a specific tool geometry to control chips or utilize a specific coating to extend tool life.

3. Choose a forming tool

In large quantities of processing, the use of forming tools should be considered. The forming tool can process all or most of the groove shape through a single cut, which can free the tool position and shorten the machining cycle time.

One disadvantage of non-blade forming tools is that if one of the tool teeth breaks or wears out faster than the others, the entire tool must be replaced. Another important factor to consider is the amount of machine power required to control the chip produced by the tool and the form cutting.

4. Feed rate and cutting speed

Feed rate and cutting speed play a key role in grooved machining. Incorrect feed rates and cutting speeds can cause chatter, reducing tool life and extending machining cycle times.

Factors that affect feed rate and cutting speed include workpiece material, tool geometry, coolant type and concentration, blade coating, and machine performance.

In order to correct the problems caused by unreasonable feed rate and cutting speed, secondary processing is often required. Although many sources of information can be listed for the "optimal" feed rate and cutting speed for a variety of different tools, the latest and most useful information usually comes from the tool manufacturer.

5. Select tool coating

Coatings can significantly increase the life of carbide inserts. Because the coating can provide a lubricating layer between the tool and the chip, it can also reduce processing time and improve the surface finish of the workpiece. Currently commonly used coatings include TiAlN, TiN, TiCN and so on. For optimal performance, the coating must be matched to the material being processed.

6. Use the correct processing sequence

Reasonable planning of the optimal processing sequence needs to consider a variety of factors, such as the change in the strength of the workpiece before and after the groove processing, because the strength of the workpiece will be reduced after the groove is processed first. This may encourage the operator to use less than optimal feed and cutting speeds in the next process to reduce chatter, while reducing cutting parameters may result in longer machining times, shorter tool life and unstable cutting performance.

Another factor to consider is whether the next process will push burrs into the already machined grooves.

As a rule of thumb, consider starting at the point farthest from the tool holder after the outside and inside diameter turning, and then working on grooves and other structural features.

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